What are the three primary routes of hazardous material entry into the body?

The three primary routes of hazardous material entry into the body—Inhalation, absorption, and ingestion—are recognized as the main ways harmful substances can enter the human system.

Inhalation refers to the process of breathing in hazardous materials found in the air, which can quickly affect the respiratory system and lead to systemic toxicity. Absorption occurs when hazardous substances come into contact with the skin or mucous membranes and enter the bloodstream or body tissues, potentially causing localized or widespread effects. Ingestion involves swallowing hazardous materials, which can lead to gastrointestinal irritation and systemic toxicity as these substances are processed by the digestive system.

The other options do not accurately represent all primary routes of entry. Injection, while it is a method of introducing substances into the body, is not commonly recognized as one of the primary routes for hazardous materials in the context of FRO training. The remaining options, which include terms like digestion and evaporation, do not align with the accepted routes of entry for hazardous materials. Understanding these routes helps responders assess risk and take appropriate protective measures when handling hazardous materials.